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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Parent-of-origin contributions to gene expression during sexual plant reproduction
 Pitoňak, Oliver ; Honys, David (advisor) ; Fischer, Lukáš (referee)
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants is fundamental to seed formation. After fertilization, the embryo is enclosed and develops in a seed together with a triploid tissue - the endosperm. In animals, early embryogenesis is well-known to be controlled by maternal RNA and proteins deposited in the ovule before fertilization. Even after the activation of zygotic genome, paternal and maternal genome do not play interchangeable roles. A few genes affecting embryo growth and development are transcribed either from maternally or paternally inherited alleles only. Such genes are example of the well-known phenomenon of gene imprinting. In plants, imprinting is well documented in the endosperm. The role of parent-of-origin contributions to gene expression has been studied less extensively in embryo. The aim of this work is to critically assess current knowledge of parent-of-origin contributions to embryo development in different plant species.
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Pollination in forest ecosystems
 Veljačiková, Hana ; Janovský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Hadrava, Jiří (referee)
Interactions between plants and their pollinators in temperate forest are different from open habitats. In forest, pollinators are less abundant and this results in frequent pollen limitation of forest understory herbs. Pollinators also need to be adapted for flying in complex stands and for living in unfavorable microclimatic conditions. Floral resources predominantly limit pollinator abundance because of their uneven distribution in space and time. In the present bachelor thesis, I summarize knowledge on pollinator conservation and phenology as well as food resources, microclimate, which together with sufficient nesting options seem to contribute the most to pollinator abundance. Type of forest management is also an important factor, which affects density and diversity of pollinators. Generally, thinning out of trees and removal of understory shrubs have positive effect on flower abundance and benefit pollinators. Factors that influence reproduction success of flowers and pollen transfer distances are further discussed.
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